Your lectures, rebuilt like a textbook — and alive.
Every notebook page transcribed and cross-checked against the scans, typeset with real mathematics, redrawn as publication-grade vector figures, and brought to life with animated visual labs. One page per class, forever — with every exam question audited from the real papers.
Published classes
One page per lecture, in order. Nothing added, nothing skipped — exactly what was taught, cleaned up, figured and animated.
Ion–Solvent Interaction & the Born Model
Solutions & ion–dipole forces, hydration, Born’s 1920 charging derivation, ΔG–ΔH–ΔS of solvation, charge / radius / dielectric effects, PYQ audit 2020–24 and the Born-vs-experiment cross-check.
Solvation Number & the Eley–Evans Model
How many solvent molecules travel with an ion? Eley–Evans (discrete inner shell + Born continuum), the solvation number and its five factors, and three experimental routes to n: density / apparent molar volume, viscosity / Jones–Dole, conductance / ionic mobility.
Ion Association & the Bjerrum Equation
When does an ion pair stop being two ions? Bjerrum's answer: a distance (rB), an integral (KA) and an associated fraction α tied to conductivity — assumptions, derivation, dimensionless form and the charge ladder.
Factors of Ion Association & Electrode Kinetics
What pushes ion pairing up or down? Six factors behind K(A) — dielectric constant, charge, size, concentration, temperature, polarizing power — then the conductivity bill (α = Λm/Λm°, the Λ-vs-c gap), and a new door: electrode kinetics, where the current is the reaction rate, I = nFv, with anode/cathode rates and the limiting current.
Electrode Kinetics II — Exchange Current, Overpotential, Butler–Volmer & Tafel
At equilibrium the net current is zero — yet nothing stops: two opposite half-reactions share the exchange current i(0). Push the potential by η = E − E(eq) and the Butler–Volmer equation gives the whole current–overpotential curve, whose high-|η| shadow is the Tafel line η = a + b log i — with twelve solved problems worked in full.
The syllabus map
Physical Chemistry · Electrochemistry, unit by unit — what is live now, and what the reserved slot will hold. University context: M.Sc. Semester-I papers MSCH-101…106; the Physical paper is MSCH-104 (Physical General-I).
- ion–dipole picture & δ± orientation
- hydration / methanolation / solvation
- Born 1920 assumptions & charging derivation
- ΔG, ΔS, ΔH of solvation & their signs
- charge / radius / dielectric trends
- Born vs experiment (dielectric saturation)
- primary / secondary shells, hydration number
- five factors that change n
- solvent exchange ⇒ n is an average
- Eley–Evans inner (ion–dipole) + outer (Born) terms
- density / apparent molar volume route
- viscosity / Jones–Dole & conductance routes
- ion-pair equilibrium & Bjerrum's five assumptions
- pair potential U(r) & the Boltzmann factor
- Bjerrum distance r(B): |U| = k(B)T
- association region a ≤ r ≤ r(B)
- K(A): the Bjerrum integral & dimensionless form
- α, K(A) = α/[c(1−α)²] & the conductivity link
- six factors behind K(A): ε(r), charge, size, c, T, polarizing power
- the conductivity bill: only free ions carry current
- α = Λm/Λm° and the Λ-vs-c gap
- electrode interface: O + n e⁻ ⇌ R
- boxed I = nFv; anode/cathode rates I/2F
- I–v line (slope nF) & the limiting current
- two partial currents; boxed i = i(a) − i(c)
- exchange current density i(0) = I(0)/A & dynamic equilibrium
- overpotential η = E − E(eq) and its sign
- Butler–Volmer: two exponentials, three |η| regimes
- anodic & cathodic Tafel equations; slopes b(a), b(c)
- Tafel plot → i(0) by extrapolation; 12 solved problems
- Debye–Hückel limiting law & activity coefficients
- Electrode potentials, cells & the Nernst equation
- Further electrochemistry as the lectures land
Topics listed from the lecture sequence so far — they land here only once taught, transcribed and audited.
How a lecture becomes a page
A six-step pipeline, run the same way every class — the whole recipe lives in TEMPLATE.md so the next lecture (and the next agent) inherits it.
Scan & extract
CamScanner PDFs are JPEG streams: watermark blobs filtered at 24 245 B, real spreads renumbered S01…Snn; phone photos kept as the raw in-class copy.
Transcribe & cross-check
Every page read by eye, photo vs scanner vs physics — signs, factors and Nₐ footings verified before a single word ships.
Typeset & figure
Build-time KaTeX (zero client math JS), boxed results numbered like the notebook, and publication-grade vector figures on a colour-blind-safe palette.
Animate & instrument
Visual labs encode exactly one piece of physics each; calculators reproduce the lecture's solved numbers to the decimal; reduced-motion always honoured.
Audit the PYQs
Five years of real papers OCR'd and hand-verified (60 pages, MSCH-101…106). Only questions that actually appeared enter the bank — otherwise it says so.
Ship & verify
Push → GitHub Actions → Cloudflare Pages; a 27-assertion regression loop (order, tokens, motion, figures, search) must print GREEN before deploy.
Everything on the site, in six doors
Instant search
Type any word — sections, subsections, labs, tools — and jump straight there. Press / anywhere.
▶Visual labs
Thirteen animated figures: dipoles orienting, shells exchanging, Eley–Evans cutaway, linearisations, mobility race, Bjerrum window, pair-or-free, α↔conductivity, factor dials, current-as-rate-meter, live Butler–Volmer, Tafel plot builder.
🧮Calculators
Born, solvation-number, Bjerrum, electrode-kinetics and Butler–Volmer islands that reproduce the lecture's solved values to the decimal.
∑Equation sheets
Every boxed result of each lecture on one screen, with the notebook's own numbering.
🗂️Original scans
65 raw pages across five classes, thumbnail-linked — check the digitisation against the source, always.
🎯PYQ bank
2020–2024 papers audited page by page; only real questions, tagged with year and repeat count.
Changelog
Ion–solvent interaction & the Born model — notebook pages 1–9, 5 photos + 4-page scanner spread.
Solvation number & the Eley–Evans model — notebook pages 10–26, 17 scanner spreads + 6 photos.
Cloudflare Pages + auto-deploy; multi-class architecture; Class 1 page with the full 2020–24 PYQ audit.
Class 2 page, six animated visual labs, §-free restyle, motion/premium pass, six publication-grade figures.
Editorial home with scroll choreography, syllabus map, pipeline, changelog — and search that jumps straight to any section.
Ion association & the Bjerrum equation — notebook pages 27–33, 7 scanner spreads + 6 photos.
Full page with 3 labs (rB window, pair-or-free, α↔conductivity), 6 figures, live Bjerrum calculator and PYQ audit.
Factors of ion association & electrode kinetics — notebook pages 34–39, 6 scanner spreads + 3 photos.
Six-factor analysis with 9 vector figures, 2 new labs (factor dials, current-as-rate-meter), I = nFv calculator, PYQ audit + 4 worked examples.
Electrode kinetics II — exchange current, overpotential, Butler–Volmer & Tafel; 6 theory pages + 5 solved-problem pages.
Butler–Volmer & Tafel with 7 figures, 2 new labs (live B–V curve, Tafel plot builder), B–V/Tafel calculator and all 12 lecture problems worked.
Why these notes read differently
Phone photos vs scanner spreads vs physics: signs, factors and Nₐ footings verified before anything ships.
Where the notebook mixes footings or skips a step, the page shows the boxed form as written plus an explicit unit-check callout.
Fragments, math tokens, figure standard, lab physics contracts and this motion system — all documented for the next class and the next agent.
The next lecture becomes a page within a day.
Scans in the morning, typeset notes with figures and labs by night, PYQ-audited and deployed before the next class.